Stein

Raw and roasted pistachio nuts (Pistacia vera L.) are ‘good’ sources of protein based on their digestible indispensable amino acid score as determined in pigs

Bailey, Hannah M., and Hans H. Stein. 2020. Raw and roasted pistachio nuts (Pistacia vera L.) are ‘good’ sources of protein based on their digestible indispensable amino acid score as determined in pigs. J Sci Food Agric 2020; 100: 3878–3885. Link to full text.

Keywords: 
protein digestibility corrected amino acid score; digestible indispensable amino acid score; pistachio nuts; pig model
Authors: 
Bailey, Stein
Publication Type: 
Peer-reviewed journal articles

Effects of isoquinoline alkaloids on apparent ileal digestibility of amino acids, acid hydrolyzed ether extract, and starch by young growing pigs fed corn-soybean meal diets

Rundle, Carly M., Valeria Artuso-Ponte, and Hans H. Stein. 2020. Effects of isoquinoline alkaloids on apparent ileal digestibility of amino acids, acid hydrolyzed ether extract, and starch by young growing pigs fed corn-soybean meal diets. Transl. Anim. Sci. 2020.4:1-7. doi: 10.1093/tas/txaa054. Link to full text. 

Keywords: 
Amino acids, Apparent ileal digestibility, Crude protein, isoquinoline alkaloids, Pigs, Starch
Authors: 
Rundle, Artuso-Ponte, Stein
Publication Type: 
Peer-reviewed journal articles

Most meat products have digestible indispensable amino acid scores that are greater than 100, but processing may increase or reduce protein quality

Bailey, Hannah M., John K. Mathai, Eric P. Berg, and Hans H. Stein. 2020. Most meat products have digestible indispensable amino acid scores that are greater than 100, but processing may increase or reduce protein quality. British Journal of Nutrition (2020), 124, 14–22. doi:10.1017/S0007114520000641. Link to full text.

Keywords: 
Amino acids, digestible indispensable amino acid scores, protein quality, Digestibility, beef
Authors: 
Bailey, Mathai, Berg, Stein
Publication Type: 
Peer-reviewed journal articles

Impact of increasing the levels of insoluble fiber and on the method of diet formulation measures of energy and nutrient digestibility in growing pigs

Acosta, Jesus A., Hans H. Stein, and John F. Patience. 2020. Impact of increasing the levels of insoluble fiber and on the method of diet formulation measures of energy and nutrient digestibility in growing pigs. Journal of Animal Science, 2020, 1–9. doi:10.1093/jas/skaa130. Link to full text.

Keywords: 
Amino acids, ileal-cannulation, Insoluble fiber, Soluble fiber, Starch, swine
Authors: 
Acosta, Stein, Patience
Publication Type: 
Peer-reviewed journal articles

Nutritional evaluation of different varieties of sorghum and the effects on nursery pig growth performance

Thomas, Lori L., Charmaine D. Espinosa, Robert D. Goodband, Hans H. Stein, Mike D. Tokach, Steve S. Dritz, Jason C. Woodworth, and Joel M. DeRouchey. 2020. Nutritional evaluation of different varieties of sorghum and the effects on nursery pig growth performance. Journal of Animal Science, 2020, 1–16.  doi:10.1093/jas/skaa120.

Keywords: 
Corn, feed-grade amino acids, high-lysine sorghum, Nursery pigs
Authors: 
Thomas, Espinosa, Goodband, Stein, Tokach, Dritz, Woodworth, DeRouchey
Publication Type: 
Peer-reviewed journal articles

Effect of formulating diets based on a ratio between STTD Ca and STTD P and the inclusion of phytase on growth performance, bone ash, plasma Ca and P, and carcass characteristics of pigs from 11 to 130 kg

Calcium requirements by pigs are expressed as total Ca because of a lack of data for the digestibility of Ca in feed ingredients, but it is believed that a ratio between standardized total tract digestible (STTD) Ca and STTD P is a more appropriate way to express requirements for Ca by pigs. Values for Ca digestibility in different Ca-containing feed ingredients were recently generated using diets without or with microbial phytase, which allowed for the formulation of diets based on STTD Ca values. A number of experiments were also conducted to determine STTD Ca to STTD P requirements to optimize growth performance and bone mineralization of pigs from 11 to 25 kg, 25 to 50 kg, 50 to 85 kg, and 100 to 130 kg. However, these experiments were performed independently and in experiments lasting only 3 to 5 weeks. Therefore, a follow-up experiment was conducted to test the hypothesis that the requirement for Ca expressed as a ratio between STTD Ca and STTD P obtained in short-term experiments may be applied to pigs fed diets without or with microbial phytase from 11 to 130 kg.

Keywords: 
Bone ash, Digestible calcium, Growth performance, Phytase, Pigs, Requirements
Authors: 
Lagos, Stein
Publication Type: 
Research Reports

Effect of replacing corn with bakery meal in diets for weanling pigs

Bakery meal consist of unsalable bread, breakfast cereals, cookies, pasta, and other foods that are no longer intended for human consumption. Bakery meal converts losses from the food industry into ingredients for the animal feed industry, thereby preventing food losses in the food chain. Wheat flour is the main ingredient in most bakery products, and this results in bakery meal containing high concentration of starch. Therefore, bakery meal is a potential sustainable feed ingredient that can be used in animal diets without competing with the food industry. However, research demonstrating the effect of bakery meal on growth performance for weanling pigs is limited. Therefore, an experiment was conducted to test the hypothesis that replacing corn with bakery meal will not influence growth performance of pigs.

Keywords: 
Bakery meal, blood characteristics, Fecal score, Growth performance, Pigs
Authors: 
Luciano, Espinosa, Stein
Publication Type: 
Research Reports

Hybrid rye instead of corn does not impede pig growth

McGhee, M. L., and H. H. Stein. 2020. Hybrid rye instead of corn does not impede pig growth. National Hog Farmer, Online edition, April 30, 2020. Link to full text. 

Keywords: 
Hybrid rye, Feed, Animal health, Livestock handling, Farm operations, Pigs
Authors: 
McGhee, Stein
Publication Type: 
Extension Reports and other non-refereed publications

Is the Phosphorus in Rye More Digestible?

Archs Toledo, J. L., Su A Lee, and H. H. Stein. 2020. Is the phosphorus in rye more digestible? Pork Magazine, April 8, 2020. Link to full text.

Keywords: 
Phosphorus, Rye, Pigs, Diets
Authors: 
Archs, Lee, Stein
Publication Type: 
Extension Reports and other non-refereed publications

At least 3 days of adaptation are required before indigestible markers (chromium, titanium, and acid insoluble ash) are stabilized in the ileal digesta of 60-kg pigs, but values for amino acid digestibility are affected by the marker

Kim, Beob G., Su A Lee, Kyu R. Park, and Hans H. Stein. 2020. At least 3 days of adaptation are required before indigestible markers (chromium, titanium, and acid insoluble ash) are stabilized in the ileal digesta of 60-kg pigs, but values for amino acid digestibility are affected by the marker. Journal of Animal Science, 2020,  Vol. 98: No.

Keywords: 
Acid insoluble ash, Chromium, Digestibility, Indigestible marker, Pigs, Titanium
Authors: 
Kim, Lee, Park, Stein
Publication Type: 
Peer-reviewed journal articles

Ileal digestibility and endogenous protein losses of milk replacers based on whey proteins alone or with an enzyme-treated soybean meal in young dairy calves

Ansia, I., H. H. Stein, D. A. Vermeire, C. Brøkner, and J. K. Drackley. 2020. Ileal digestibility and endogenous protein losses of milk replacers based on whey proteins alone or with an enzyme-treated soybean meal in young dairy calves. J. Dairy Sci. 103: 4390–4407.

Keywords: 
Whey, enzyme-treated soy, Ileal digestibility, Endogenous protein, calf
Authors: 
Ansia, Stein, Vermeire, Brøkner, Drackley
Publication Type: 
Peer-reviewed journal articles

Effects of dietary isoleucine and valine supplementation to excess or low leucine diets on nitrogen balance and metabolism of branched-chain amino acids in growing pigs

Leucine is a key regulator that stimulates catabolism of branched-chain AA (BCAA; i.e., Leu, Ile, and Val) in skeletal muscle and liver. If diets fed to pigs contain excess Leu, catabolism of all 3 BCAA may increase because of the stimulating effect of the Leu metabolite, α-keto isocaproate, on the branched-chain α-keto acid dehydrogenase enzyme complex, which is responsible for degradation of the 3 branched-chain α-keto acids that originate from metabolism of the 3 BCAA. Serum Ile and Val concentrations were reduced by excess dietary Leu in growing pigs, and high dietary Leu reduces feed intake and growth performance in pigs, which may be a result of the imbalanced supply of BCAA that result from increased metabolism of Val and Ile. Recent data confirmed that excess dietary Leu reduced growth performance and tended to reduce protein synthesis, which is likely a result of reduced availability of Val and Ile.

Keywords: 
branched-chain amino acids, leucine, nitrogen balance, Pigs
Authors: 
Kwon, Stein
Publication Type: 
Research Reports

Effect of feed sweetener and feed flavor on growth performance of weanling pigs

At weaning, pigs have to cope with abrupt withdrawal of sow milk, and this often causes appetite suppression due to marked changes in diet form and composition. Feed flavor and sweetener are believed to increase feed palatability, and subsequently improve feed intake, average daily gain, and immune response of weanling pigs. However, data that confirm this hypothesis are limited. Therefore, it was the objective of this experiment to test the hypothesis that supplementation of feed flavor and feed sweetener in diets fed to weanling pigs improve growth performance.

Keywords: 
Fecal score, feed flavor, feed sweetener, Growth performance, Pigs
Authors: 
Espinosa, Stein
Publication Type: 
Research Reports

Effect of NexPro (high-protein corn) on growth performance of weanling pigs

NexPro is a high protein feed ingredient that is generated via downstream processing of co-products from the dry-grind ethanol industry. Results from digestibility experiments indicate that NexPro contribute considerable quantities of amino acids and energy to diets fed to pigs, but there are no data demonstrating effects on growth performance of including NexPro in diets for weanling pigs. Therefore, an experiment was conducted to test the hypothesis that NexPro may replace other high-value protein sources in diets for weanling pigs without impacting pig growth performance.

Keywords: 
Fecal score, Growth performance, high-protein corn, NexPro, Pigs
Authors: 
Acosta, Espinosa, Stein
Publication Type: 
Research Reports

Concentration of digestible and metabolizable energy in L-threonine and L-valine biomass products fed to weanling pigs

Oliveira, M. S. F., C. D. Espinosa, J. D. Berrocoso, O. J. Rojas, J. K. Htood H. H. Stein. 2020. Concentration of digestible and metabolizable energy in L-threonine and L-valine biomass products fed to weanling pigs. Animal Feed Science and Technology 263 (2020) 114463. Link to full text.

Keywords: 
Digestibility, Energy, Fish meal, Threonine biomass, Valine biomass
Authors: 
Oliveira, Espinosa, Berrocoso, Rojas, Htoo, Stein
Publication Type: 
Peer-reviewed journal articles

Effects of copper hydroxychloride and dietary fiber on intestinal permeability, growth performance, and blood characteristics of nursery pigs

Espinosa, C. D., R. S. Fry, M. E. Kocher, H. H. Stein. 2020. Effects of copper hydroxychloride and dietary fiber on intestinal permeability, growth performance, and blood characteristics of nursery pigs. Animal Feed Science and Technology 263 (2020) 114447. Link to full text.

Keywords: 
Copper, Copper hydroxychloride, Dietary fiber, Growth performance, intestinal permeability, Pigs
Authors: 
Espinosa, Fry, Kocher, Stein
Publication Type: 
Peer-reviewed journal articles

Increasing calcium from deficient to adequate concentration in diets for gestating sows decreases digestibility of phosphorus and reduces serum concentration of a bone resorption biomarker

Lee, Su A.,  L. Vanessa Lagos, Mike R. Bedford, and Hans H. Stein. 2020. Increasing calcium from deficient to adequate concentration in diets for gestating sows decreases digestibility of phosphorus and reduces serum concentration of a bone resorption biomarker. Journal of Animal Science, 2020,  Vol. 98: No. 3:1-8.

Keywords: 
biomarkers, Calcium, Digestibility, Phosphorus, Retention, Sows
Authors: 
Lee, Lagos, Bedford, Stein
Publication Type: 
Peer-reviewed journal articles

Tryptophan can partially overcome negative effects of leucine in pig diets

Kwon, W. B., and H. H. Stein. 2020. Tryptophan can partially overcome negative effects of leucine in pig diets. National Hog Farmer, Online edition. Jan.

Keywords: 
Tryptophan, leucine, Pigs, Feed
Authors: 
Kwon, Stein
Publication Type: 
Extension Reports and other non-refereed publications

Effect of increasing levels of Sylpro yeast on growth performance and blood characteristics of weanling pigs

Sylpro enhanced torula yeast is a high protein feed ingredient derived from forestry by-products, and results from digestibility experiments indicate that Sylpro yeast may be a valuable source of energy and digestible amino acids in diets fed to weanling pigs. As a consequence, it is believed that Sylpro yeast may be included in diets for weanling pigs at the expense of fish meal and other animal protein sources. Therefore, an experiment was conducted to test the hypothesis that increasing levels of Sylpro yeast improve growth performance and blood characteristics of weanling pigs.

Keywords: 
enhanced torula yeast, blood characteristics, Growth performance, Pigs
Authors: 
Espinosa, Stein
Publication Type: 
Research Reports

Digestible and metabolizable energy in corn- or sorghum based diets may be improved by addition of a xylanase-cellulase enzyme mixture

Exogenous carbohydrases can be used in diets for pigs to increase digestibility of dietary fiber and energy in cereal grains and cereal co-products. The three main fibers in cereal grains and cereal co-products are arabinoxylans, cellulose, and mixed-linked beta glucans. The fermentability is different among these three types of fiber. Energy digestibility is often improved if xylanase is added to wheat-based diets, whereas positive responses to xylanase in corn-based diets have been difficult to demonstrate, indicating that fermentation of dietary fiber differs among ingredients. However, there is less information about effects of carbohydrases on digestibility of fiber and energy in sorghum-based diets. Therefore, an experiment was conducted to test the hypothesis that xylanase and cellulase improve the digestibility of energy and total dietary fiber in diets based on corn or sorghum with addition of high fiber co-products.

Keywords: 
Metabolizable energy, Corn, Sorghum, Xylanase, Cellulose
Authors: 
Oliveira, Stein
Publication Type: 
Research Reports

Pages