and Stein

Increasing levels of phytase in corn-soybean meal diets increases the standardized total tract digestibility of Ca in soybean meal when fed to growing pigs

Calcium (Ca) is an essential macro mineral required for growth, bone development and remodeling, enzyme activity, cellular signaling, and metabolic regulation in swine (González-Vega and Stein, 2014). The concentration of Ca in diets and ingredients is a key feature because excess Ca decreases the digestibility of P and other nutrients and decreases feed intake and growth performance (Stein et al., 2011; Merriman et al., 2017; Lagos et al., 2019). Ideally, the requirement for Ca should be expressed as standardized total tract digestible (STTD) Ca instead of total Ca (NRC, 2012), which necessitates the generation of values for Ca digestibility in feed ingredients (Lautrou et al., 2020; Lee and Kong, 2022; Lee et al., 2023a). In plant feed ingredients, Ca concentration is low compared with inorganic sources; however, Ca in soybean meal (SBM) ranges from 0.25% to 0.75% (Sotak-Pepper et al., 2016; Lee et al., 2023a). Because SBM sometimes is included at high proportions in swine diets, Ca analysis of SBM is important to supplement diets with adequate quantities of additional Ca to meet requirements without including excess Ca in diets.

Keywords: 
Calcium, microbial phytase, Phosphorus, Soybean meal
Authors: 
Jaramillo, Hernández, Lee, and Stein
Publication Type: 
Research Reports

Amino acid digestibility in plant based protein concentrates and in Peruvian super prime fish meal fed to weanling pigs

Anti-nutritional factors in soybean meal can result in a reduction in digestibility of amino acids. Therefore, the use of soybean meal is limited in diets for weanling pigs and fish meal and other animal protein sources are often used instead. However, technologically treated plant proteins or mixtures of proteins may also be used instead of animal proteins if the treatments employed have reduced or eliminated the anti-nutritional factors. An example of 2 new plant-based proteins are protein concentrate 56 (JPC 56) and Fish Meal Replacer Omega 3 (FMR Ω 3). Both proteins are produced by Joosten, (Ab Weert, The Netherlands), but there is no information about the digestibility of amino acids in these proteins. Therefore, an experiment was conducted to test the hypothesis that the apparent ileal digestibility (AID) and the standardized ileal digestibility (SID) of amino acids in JPC 56 and FMR Ω 3 are not different from AID and SID values in fish meal.

Keywords: 
Amino acid digestibility in plant based protein concentrates and in Peruvian super prime fish meal fed to weanling pigs
Authors: 
Lopez, and Stein
Publication Type: 
Research Reports

Sows in mid-gestation have reduced digestibility and retention of calcium and phosphorus compared with growing pigs

Lee, S., C. Walk, and H. Stein. 2018. Sows in mid-gestation have reduced digestibility and retention of calcium and phosphorus compared with growing pigs. 14th International Symposium on Digestive Physiology of Pigs. Adv. Anim. Biosci. Volume 9, Issue S2, 9:S193-194. (Abstr.). Link to abstract

Keywords: 
Sows, Gestation, Digestibility, Retention, Calcium, Phosphorus, Growing pigs
Authors: 
Lee, Walk, and Stein
Publication Type: 
Abstracts

Effects of two direct fed microbials on digestibility of amino acids and energy in diets fed to growing pigs

Blavi, L., J. Jørgensen, and H. Stein. 2018. Effects of two direct fed microbials on digestibility of amino acids and energy in diets fed to growing pigs. 14th International Symposium on Digestive Physiology of Pigs. Adv. Anim. Biosci. Volume 9, Issue S2, 9:S147. (Abstr.). Link to abstract

Keywords: 
Microbials, Digestibility, AA, Energy, Growing pigs
Authors: 
Blavi, Jørgensen, and Stein
Publication Type: 
Abstracts

Role of nutrition in promoting swine health

J. Squire, and H. H. Stein. 2019. Role of nutrition in promoting swine health. In Proc. London Swine Conference, London, ON, Canada. March 26-27, 2019. Pages 19-21. Link to full text (.pdf)

Keywords: 
Additives, feeding strategies, intestinal health, Pigs
Authors: 
Squire, and Stein
Publication Type: 
Conference proceedings

Digestible calcium and digestible phosphorus in swine diets

Lee, S. A., L. V. Lagos, and H. H. Stein. 2019. Digestible calcium and digestible phosphorus in swine diets. In Proc. London Swine Conference, London, ON, Canada. March 26-27, 2019. Pages 63-72. Link full text(.pdf)

Keywords: 
Calcium, Digestibility, pig, requirement
Authors: 
Lee, Lagos, and Stein
Publication Type: 
Conference proceedings

Oven drying of ileal digesta from growing pigs reduces the concentration of AA compared with freeze drying and results in reduced calculated values for endogenous losses and elevated estimates for ileal digestibility of AA

Lagos L. Vanessa, and Hans H. Stein. 2019. Oven drying of ileal digesta from growing pigs reduces the concentration of AA compared with freeze drying and results in reduced calculated values for endogenous losses and elevated estimates for ileal digestibility of AA. J. Anim. Sci. 2019.97:820–828. Link to full text.

Keywords: 
AA digestibility, Drying method, freeze drying, ileal digesta, oven drying, Pigs
Authors: 
Lagos, and Stein
Publication Type: 
Peer-reviewed journal articles

Crystalline amino acids in diets do not influence calculated values for amino acid digestibility in feed ingredients fed to pigs

Oliveira, S. F. M., J. J. Abelilla, K. J. Htoo, and H. H. Stein. 2018. Crystalline amino acids in diets do not influence calculated values for amino acid digestibility in feed ingredients fed to pigs. 14th International Symposium on Digestive Physiology of Pigs. Adv. Anim. Biosci. Volume 9, Issue S2, 9:S71. (Abstr.). Link to abstract

Keywords: 
Crystalline AA, Digestibility, Feed ingredients, Pigs
Authors: 
Oliveira, Abelilla, Htoo, and Stein
Publication Type: 
Abstracts